衰老疾病 z-bo 2020-08-18 515

　　Almost all medical professionals focus on chronic diseases, which gradually develop as symptoms develop and may require further efforts to promote interventions that can prevent multiple chronic diseases and extend healthy lifespan.

　　In this review article, a group of aging experts called for advances in certain preclinical and clinical strategies that have been shown to delay animal aging. In addition to recommending a healthy diet and regular exercise, these strategies also include the metabolic and molecular causes of delaying human aging, including the destruction of cells over time. I will.

　　University of Brescia, University of Washington School of Medicine, University of Southern California Longevity Institute Back-Aging Institute, researchers invest in biomedical research and healthcare to treat diseases instead of promoting physical health, he wrote, he is very concerned. Dr. Luigi Fontana, professor of medicine and nutrition at the University of Washington and the University of Regina, said: Treating diseases helps extend people’s lifespan, so they suffer from aging-related diseases most of their lives. This comes at a price. "

　　Senile diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease are usually packaged. More than 70% of people over 65 have more than one disease. However, some dietary, genetic and pharmaceutical studies have shown that interventions in certain specific molecular signaling pathways may delay aging-related diseases and delay other diseases. display.

　　Fontana said: "Heart failure does not happen immediately. From 30 to 40 years of unhealthy conditions, from metabolic disorders such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and type 2 diabetes to heart failure at 60 years of age. Lifestyle and certain aging it activates and The related signal transduction pathways, so lifestyle interventions (such as personalized healthy diet and exercise programs) can help patients avoid heart failure by down-regulating certain aging signal pathways. This study reveals that dietary restriction can prolong healthy life It has been found that those with significantly reduced calories will be "younger" when eating the best nutrition, and have more flexible minds. Their blood pressure is very low, their body is less irritated, and their skeletal muscle functions like young people's The same is true for muscles. Fontana and collaborators also showed that some of the molecular signaling pathways that have been shown to extend the lifespan of animals include several approved experimental drugs, including rapamycin drugs that fight cancer and resist organ rejection. And metformin therapy. Type 2 diabetes. Many natural and synthetic molecules affect several signaling pathways common to aging, diabetes and related metabolic syndrome. In addition, it is well known that a healthy diet and calorie restriction can help animals live longer by 50%.

　　But it is difficult to use these research advances to slow down people's aging. Fontana and colleagues write that most clinicians do not know about the molecular mechanisms of aging and its relationship with chronic diseases. And scientists don’t fully understand how drugs that affect aging signaling pathways work.

　　Fontana and colleagues believe that it is time to push the most promising results in animal studies to preclinical and clinical trials. They also called for the development of clear endpoints that will determine whether studies conducted in animals are applicable to humans. They are optimistic about this prospect. This is because certain signaling pathways related to human nutrition perception and aging are very similar to pathways that help animals live longer.

　　However, there are many challenges. They think the most important thing is to change your mindset. Current economic investment in biomedical research and healthcare is more focused on treating diseases rather than promoting physical health.

　　" But public funds must be invested to extend healthy lifespan by delaying aging. Otherwise, we will not be able to overcome the crisis of increasing disability and rising health care costs. I want to know," they wrote in the article. Fontana said: "The aging of the population, the rise of chronic diseases, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes make it impossible for anyone but the rich to get immediate medical assistance."