动物实验,线粒体DNA突变 z-bo 2020-08-20 521

　　An animal study showed that mitochondrial DNA mutations in maternal egg cells can reduce the life span of children by about one-third. Douglas Wallace, professor of pathology and laboratory testing at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, said: "The most important thing in this type of research is to prove that mitochondrial DNA carries the mother's genetic information." "Wallace was not involved in this new study, but uniquely showed that genetic mutations in the mother's mitochondria may affect aging, lifespan and cancer.

　　This new article is based on an article published in the journal Nature last year. This article shows that in other wild-type mice, mutations in maternal mitochondrial DNA are sufficient to cause premature aging. Gerald Schödel, professor of pathology and genetics, described it as "a real advancement."

　　But the passion to announce this new discovery. Jamelos of the Karolinska Institute said: "I don't know whether their lifespan will be affected." This is the first of two papers in Scientific Reports and Nature. Wait about a year for the animal to die. Currently, compared with mice with mitochondrial mutant gene mutations, their average life span is 100 weeks, while the average life span of the control group is 141 weeks. Douglas Turnbull, professor of neurology at Newcastle University (who was not involved in the study), said the results were "interesting but not surprising" because prematurely aging animals die early.

　　But I don’t know why mitochondrial DNA mutations shorten lifespan. Mitochondrial dysfunction can affect cell metabolism and cause various problems, including the accumulation of harmful reactive oxygen species, the reduction of stem cell viability and the reduction of DNA repair, resulting in the accumulation of nuclear genome damage. "Aging is a complex process involving many different aspects, so that all these aspects are combined little by little, thereby continuously destroying organisms in a short period of time."

　　But how does it work? Regardless of the mechanism, damaged mitochondria may affect aging, and the mutation indicates that the mutation may be passed on from generation to generation. .. For example, Wallace believes that as human tissue ages, mitochondrial mutations tend to accumulate, and this process also occurs in egg cells. If so, older mothers will pass on more mitochondrial gene mutations to offspring than younger mothers. Rose said: "If these mutations can be measured theoretically, what should we do if the threshold is higher than the threshold in the mother's egg." She said: "Maybe it's an intervention," maybe medication or nutrition will help. 3 A technology that allows women with mitochondrial gene mutations to cause serious diseases (such as in vitro fertilization) and inject their nuclei into the eggs of healthy women (that is, to infect sick offspring).

　　There is evidence that premature aging exercises in mice with genetic mutations can slow the aging process: "We can change our destiny, which is good news," Ross said.