动物实验 z-bo 2020-08-20 488

　　Dogs can help doctors prevent cancer, which sounds incredible, but in fact, this research has come a long way. Today, the "Cancer Sniffer Dog Project" has been approved by the British National Health System and has entered the pilot phase to further verify the magical capabilities of dogs.

　　Xinhua International client noticed that the University Hospital of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, UK recently approved this research proposal made by the charity “Medical Sniffer Dogs”. This tissue trains dogs to detect the "odor" of prostate tumors in urine samples. The researchers’ previous findings indicate that the accuracy of detection of prostate cancer by sniffer dogs is 93%.

　　Cancer screening depends on smell? Iqbal Anzon, a urologist at Milton Keynes University Hospital, said that in the past few years, there have been many reports that dogs can smell cancer. The test is based on the fact that volatile molecules from cancer tumors enter the urine from cancer cells and have a special smell. Urine samples are easier to collect and detect than traditional cancer detection methods. According to Xinhua International's customers, Milton Keynes University Hospital will conduct this "medical sniffer dog" test in the next three years, in which nine specially trained dogs can identify 3,000 urine samples from patients. The nine "dog doctors" include six Labradors, two Springer Spaniels and one Hungarian Wisla.

　　The research project compares the results of Doggo cancer detection "analysis" with traditional cancer detection analysis to verify the effectiveness of this "non-traditional" screening.

　　What if a dog can't smell cancer completely? According to the test procedure, each sample is tested by 2-3 dogs. If the test result on day 1 is inaccurate, retest the urine sample on day 2. At this stage, prostate-specific antigen testing is an important method for clinical screening of prostate cancer, but the problem with this test is the high false positive rate. If the diagnosis is false positive due to inaccuracy, the patient usually needs other tests, such as a biopsy, which may lead to other risks such as bleeding, infection and urinary incontinence.

　　Can I replace the traditional exam? Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in American and British men after skin cancer. In 2011 alone, more than 41,700 cases of prostate cancer were detected in the UK.

　　Can Sniffer Dog Testing replace traditional prostate cancer screening? It is too early to draw conclusions. No one knows how the detection method of sniffing canine cancer can be used clinically and whether it can be widely publicized. But the researchers believe that at least the test can be used as a "second line of defense." After the patient passes the first prostate-specific antigen test, the sniffer dog test can improve the accuracy of cancer screening and prevent "false positives." "The result is more rigorous testing of patients.

　　Outside the UK, similar positive results have been obtained in dog testing studies in other countries/regions. In an Italian study in 2014, sniffer dogs detected 677 urine samples with an accuracy rate of 98%.

　　In fact, research on detecting dogs to find malignant tumors in odor has been conducted for more than 20 years. Researchers found that cancers smelled in dogs include lung cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer. In addition to the smell, you can also smell the special smell of cancer patients.

　　If a dog can truly become a doctor one day, it will benefit many patients, such as colon cancer screening. Colonoscopy is disastrous. If you allow the dog to perform the test, only the patient’s breath samples will be collected, and the dog can smell the smell, and it is easy and painless, saving time and effort.

　　"hairy biodetector"

　　Detective dogs usually need 6 months of training to become a trusted "cancer detection expert". At the beginning of training, the dog will be rewarded for the smell of the urine sample. After that, only the smell of cancer can be rewarded. There is no relevant research on whether untrained dogs can detect cancer.

　　However, Claire Gerst, one of the founders of the medical sniffer dog agency, said that Daisy, an untrained pet dog, helped her find breast cancer. In 2009, Gerst discovered that the daisy had magically bent the painful area of the chest, and then underwent a breast cancer test and found two tumors. Kessai said the reliability of dog noses is more reliable than most existing cancer screening tests. "We know that their sense of smell is extremely sensitive, with an accuracy of one trillion times, which is equivalent to blood drops in two Olympic swimming pool blood banks." Kestra believes that the early screening rate for cancer in the UK is very low in Europe. The national health care system should introduce more "innovative" methods for early cancer screening. "Don't throw away these sophisticated biodetectors just because they have fur."