动物实验,基因编辑 z-bo 2020-08-26 459

　　One knockout monkey was born in October 2013, and three knockout macaques were born in November. Currently, eight monkeys are still alive. The research team of Ji Weizhi and Niu Yuyu of the Key Laboratory of Yunnan Primate Biomedical Middle School collaborated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing University and the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences to use genetically modified technology. Successfully achieved targeted modification of primate specific genes. This is the first time that humans have applied gene recombination technology to primates other than rodents (such as rats and mice). Primates, which are very similar to humans, have shown that not only genetic mutations can be achieved, but multiple genes can be performed simultaneously. Retouch. It has a major impact on the development of life and the understanding of human disease outbreaks and prevention.

　　Human embryo genetic modification: prevention of pathogenic mutations

　　In April 2015, Huang Jun of Sun Yat-sen University published the world's first report on the use of CRISPR technology to modify human embryos. It was reported that the team used CRISPR technology to successfully modify a gene in a human embryo to prevent mutations in that gene from causing thalassemia.

　　The experiment used abnormal embryos discarded by the hospital, but due to related academic ethics, the results have attracted widespread attention and caused controversy. However, Huang Jun believes that the experiment will help investigate the genetic causes of several major diseases and study the role of genes in embryonic development.

　　In December 2015, Huang Jun was named one of the top ten people who have had a major impact on the world scientific community in 2015.

　　Hercules "Tengu": gene knockout genes become stronger

　　In October 2015, the "Journal of Molecular Cell Biology" published online research results related to gene knockout dogs. Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing Institute of Biomedical Research, Guangzhou Institute of General Medical Sciences, etc. have used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to train two myostatin knockout dogs established for the first time in the world. Successful dog gene targeting technology system. The two eliminated dogs are beagle dogs, named "Hercules" and "Tengu" by the research team. Myostatin gene has the effect of inhibiting the growth of skeletal muscle. When being knocked down, the dog's muscle growth and development ability is enhanced, muscle development in adulthood can be expected, and stronger running ability can be expected.

　　Transgenic pig: Provide insulin for diabetic patients

　　In March 2016, the Journal of Molecular Cell Biology published the online research results of Lai Liangxue's group at the Guangzhou Institute of Biomedical Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In this study, we used gene editing technology to seamlessly modify the porcine insulin gene, which encodes the production of human insulin, and successfully established a gene-edited pig that completely secretes human insulin. Insulin humanized insulin transgenic pigs can provide human insulin for diabetic patients, and can also provide a more ideal donor source for clinical xenogeneic islet transplantation. according to

　　reported that health care professionals now widely use porcine insulin to treat diabetes, but the amino acid difference between porcine insulin protein and human insulin protein reduces its utility and uses it to induce antibody production more easily.

　　Spotted sheep: Wool is natural and not dyed.

　　In March 2016, Xinjiang Institute of Animal Science used genome editing technology to obtain genetically modified sheep with different colors of fur for the first time. This is the first time scientists have used genetic engineering techniques to modify the coat and appearance of large animals. Previously, attempts to edit genes to change the color of animals were limited to mice.

　　We experimentally edited the Asip gene, which affects the coat color of sheep. The genetically modified sheep skin can be cow, Dalmatian or unmixed cappuccino.

　　Researchers pointed out that the project has important scientific and commercial goals. Consumers will buy non-dyed wool products in various colors in the future, and pet owners can also order pets with customized fur colors.